How is hyperpigmentation characterized?

Hyperpigmentation is characterized by darkened areas of skin resulting from an excess production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Various factors can cause this condition, including sun exposure, hormonal changes, certain medications, and skin injuries. When the skin produces more melanin than usual, it can lead to noticeable patches of darker skin, which can be localized or widespread. This condition is commonly seen in areas that are frequently exposed to sunlight or have experienced inflammation, such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation following acne. Recognizing hyperpigmentation is essential for developing appropriate treatment plans in esthetics.