What ingredient is primarily responsible for the exfoliating effect of an exfoliant?

The ingredient primarily responsible for the exfoliating effect of an exfoliant is Alpha Hydroxy Acid. AHAs help to exfoliate the skin by loosening the bonds that hold dead skin cells together, promoting natural cell turnover and revealing newer, healthier skin underneath. This process is beneficial for improving skin texture, reducing the appearance of fine lines, and helping treat conditions like hyperpigmentation.

While Beta Hydroxy Acid, Salicylic Acid, and Glycolic Acid can also provide exfoliating effects, they have slightly different functions or are used for specific skin concerns. For instance, Salicylic Acid (which is a BHA) is particularly effective for acne-prone skin because it can penetrate oil and help clear pores. Glycolic Acid is a type of AHA, so it is indeed a correct choice for exfoliation. However, because the question is asking for the primary ingredient responsible for exfoliation, Alpha Hydroxy Acid encompasses a broader range of exfoliating properties across different formulations.